16) Which foundation is constructed in group
(a) pile
(b) pier
(c) well
(d) caisson
Option a
17) The pH value of fresh sewage is usually
(a) Equal to 7
(b) More than 7
(c) Less than 7
(d) Equal to zero
Option b
Raw sewage has a pH between 7.3 and 7.5, making it somewhat alkaline. However, with time, bacterial acid production causes the pH value to drop, and the sewage to become more acidic.
18) Fitting used to connect pipes of different diameter is
(a) union
(b) nipple
(c) reducer coupling
(d) spigot
Option c
| Tee | Used to branch off a pipe at right angles from the supply line |
| Cross | Used to connect four pipes at right angles to each other |
| Elbow | Elbows and bends provide a deviation of 90 degrees and 45 degrees in the pipe system |
| Reducer | Used to connect two pipes with different diameters |
| Socket | Used to join two pieces of the same diameter |
| Socket reducer | Used to connect a big pipe to a small pipe face to face |
| Caps | Used for closing the end of a pipe or fitting which has less external thread |
| Plug | Used for closing a pipeline which has an internal thread |
| Union | Used to connect pipes |
| Pipe nipples | Used to connect two or more pipes of different sizes |
19) Scour valve is provided at
(a) At the high points
(b) At the change of direction of pipe
(c) At the low points
(d) At the junction of pipes
Option c
Scour valves are installed at the lowest points in a pipeline system. Their primary purpose is to allow for the flushing or scouring of sediment, debris, or air pockets that may accumulate over time within the pipeline. By placing the scour valve at the low points, it ensures that any accumulated material can be easily flushed out by opening the valve, thus maintaining the efficiency and integrity of the pipeline.
20) ILD for Shear Force at the support of cantilever beam is
(a) Triangle between free end and fixed end
(b) Triangle between free end and section
(c) Rectangle between free end and fixed end
(d) Rectangle between free end and section
Option c
ILD for vertical reaction and shear force are both rectangular for cantilever beam.
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